Refine Search
Map
Sort by
42 E1 Smoked Oak Circle, Prescott Valley
$250,000
1082889 MLS
Stunning 4-Acre Parcel with Breathtaking Views in Copperfield - Prescott Valley, AZ Welcome to your dream homesite! This gorgeous 4-acre parcel is nestled within the prestigious gatedcommunity of Copperfield in Prescott Valley, offering privacy, space and panoramic views. Gently rolling terrain, wide-open skies, and the serenity of nature make this an ideal setting for a custom-builthome. With paved roads, underground utilities, and upscale neighboring properties, this land combines natural beauty with modern conveniences. Don't miss this rare opportunity to own a piece ofArizona paradise in one of the area's most sought-after communities. SELLER WILL CARRY

42 E1 Smoked Oak Circle, Prescott Valley
42 D-3 N Barrel Mesa Road, Prescott Valley
$270,000
1082888 MLS
backing State Land, this four acre parcel is behind the gates of Prescott Valley's newest subdivision, Copperfield, and has views from all directions - Place your custom home to take in your favorite view corridor! This parcel is on a pavel cul-de-sac and has underground electricinty available at the lot line. Ask about seller financing and builder incentives.

42 D-3 N Barrel Mesa Road, Prescott Valley
9885 N Sharp Trail, Prescott Valley
$859,000
3 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 1082834 MLS
BETTER THAN NEW!! Panoramic views, luxury finishes, and the perfect blend of privacy and convenience await in this stunning custom home built in 2024. Situated on 4.54 acres in the gated Copperfield Community, this 2,310-square-foot residence offers 3 bedrooms, a dedicated office or optional 4th bedroom), 3 bathrooms, and an open-concept design that captures breathtaking views from nearly every room.The great room is filled with natural light thanks to expansive windows and features a beautiful gas fireplace, creating a warm and inviting gathering space. The chef's kitchen showcases custom white cabinetry, quartz countertops, a lovely backsplash, large center island, ZLINE appliances, with a 6 burner range and a pot filler, and abundant storage--perfect for entertaining and everyday living.The thoughtfully designed split floor plan offers privacy for the spacious primary suite, where you can wake up to incredible views each morning. The luxurious primary bath features dual vanities, an oversized walk-in shower, and a huge walk-in closet with direct access to the laundry room complete with a utility sink. Guests will enjoy two spacious guest bedrooms, each featuring walk-in closets, along with a beautifully appointed guest bath designed with both comfort and style in mind. An office provides flexibility for working from home, while the layout also offers the potential for a fourth bedroom.Additional upgrades include wood-look tile flooring, solid-core doors, insulated interior walls, custom shutters throughout, and upgraded lighting fixtures. The oversized 3-car garage provides ample room for vehicles, storage, and hobbies.Outside, enjoy professionally landscaped front and rear yards with a large covered patio, raised garden beds, turf, and plenty of space to relax and take in the gorgeous Arizona sunsets. Enjoy peaceful country living with all the conveniences nearby, including shopping, dining, and medical facilities.

9885 N Sharp Trail, Prescott Valley
8500 N Copperfield Parkway, Prescott Valley
$1,053,000
4 Beds ⋅ 4 Baths ⋅ 1082598 MLS
Welcome to 8500 N Copperfield Parkway--an exceptional custom residence with fully owned 41-panel Tesla solar system and excellent producing well, perfectly positioned on 4 private acres within the prestigious gated community of Copperfield. Combining quality craftsmanship, modern efficiency, and breathtaking panoramic views, this 2,593-square-foot home offers the ideal balance of luxury and rural living. Designed with both comfort and functionality in mind, the thoughtfully crafted split floor plan features 4 bedrooms, 3.5 baths, and an oversized 3-car garage. Expansive windows throughout the home capture stunning mountain vistas and flood the interior with natural light, creating a bright and inviting atmosphere.At the heart of the home is a beautifully appointed chef's kitchen showcasing quartz countertops, a massive center island, custom cabinetry, premium appliances, and abundant workspace for entertaining and everyday living. The open-concept great room is anchored by a striking fireplace and seamlessly connects to the covered outdoor living spaces, allowing you to enjoy Arizona's incredible year-round climate.The exterior is equally impressive, featuring architecturally attractive stone and wood accents, metal roofing, tongue-and-groove covered patios, paver walkways, and a fully fenced 4-acre parcel with an electric gated entrance. Mature pine, maple, and fruit trees are supported by irrigation, while seven strategically placed water hydrants provide exceptional functionality throughout the property.Additional features include a new 12X32 foot storage shed, dark-sky compliant driveway lighting, custom window treatments, tinted windows, extra garage storage, flagpole, and ample room for hobbies, RVs, or future outbuildings.Offering privacy, security, spectacular views, and modern efficiency, this remarkable Copperfield property delivers a rare opportunity to enjoy country living without sacrificing convenience. Located just minutes from Prescott Valley amenities and historic downtown Prescott, this is Arizona living at its finest.

8500 N Copperfield Parkway, Prescott Valley
6036 E Silver Moon Lane, Prescott Valley
$999,000
4 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 1082554 MLS
BRAND NEW CUSTOM HOME with RV GARAGE in the highly sought-after gated community of Copperfield. Situated on 4 acres, this property offers endless potential for future additions including a workshop, casita, pool, or additional outbuildings.Designed with a desirable split floor plan, the home features porcelain wood-look tile throughout, custom cabinetry, tile backsplash with under-cabinet lighting, elegant quartz countertops, a gas range, and an oversized walk-in pantry.The expansive RV garage provides exceptional space for trucks, recreational vehicles, storage, or a workshop setup.Enjoy panoramic views of Mingus Mountain, Granite Mountain, and Glassford Hill, all complemented by breathtaking sunsets and dark-sky-compliant surroundings perfect for stargazing. The property is serviced by a high-producing private well and offers easy access from a paved road.Listing Agent is a board member of CLC Development LLC and is related to the builder. Co-Listing Agent is related to Seller. Road name is pending and subject to change.

6036 E Silver Moon Lane, Prescott Valley
7894 N Copperfield Parkway, Prescott Valley
$1,389,999
4 Beds ⋅ 4 Baths ⋅ 1082355 MLS
Modern Luxury Meets Timeless Charm. Welcome to this custom-built, 3,627 sq ft farmhouse sanctuary, where grand scale perfectly balances with intimate warmth. Situated on a premium, fully fenced 4-acre parcel within Prescott Valley's premier gated community, this exceptional property offers a rare blend of rural tranquility and effortless luxury--all just 7 minutes from city amenities and walking distance to Viewpoint Park. PROPERTY HIGHLIGHTS: The Great Room: Soaring 20-foot cathedral ceilings, picture windows, and a stunning Artisan Classic Arch wood-burning fireplace framed by a dramatic, full-height red brick facade. The Culinary Haven: A chef's dream featuring a massive Fantasy Brown marble island, high-end ZLine appliances, extensive custom cabinetry, a walk-in pantry, and a separate butler's pantry complete with a second refrigerator. The Layout: Designed for ultimate privacy, the thoughtful split floor plan pairs a luxurious primary retreat (featuring a boutique-style walk-in closet and spa-like bath) on one wing, with two additional bedrooms, two bathrooms, and a versatile flex room on the other. Outdoor Living & Mountain Views: An entertainer's paradise boasting front and back patios, an outdoor living room with a second wood-burning fireplace, and a dedicated spa pad. Enjoy unmatched panoramic views- watch the sunrise over the Mingus Mountains and wind down with spectacular sunsets behind Granite Mountain. Garage & Expansion Space: Includes an oversized attached two-car garage, a matching 12x24 detached storage shed, and room for a future custom RV garage. Smart Tech & Efficiency: Stay connected with app-integrated perimeter cameras for effortless remote oversight, smart-home ready audio pre-wiring, and architectural under-eave lighting equipped with Dark Sky-compliant technology.

7894 N Copperfield Parkway, Prescott Valley
6925 E Manzella Court, Prescott Valley
$990,000
4 Beds ⋅ 4 Baths ⋅ 1082214 MLS
Set on 4 fully fenced and gated acres in the Copperfield subdivision, this 2,506-square-foot custom home features clean, modern finishes, wide open usable land, and infrastructure already in place for future expansion. The layout offers 10- to 12-foot ceilings, oversized windows, and large sliding doors that bring natural light into the main living areas. The kitchen includes quartz countertops, stainless steel appliances, extensive cabinetry, and a large island that opens directly to the great room and dining area. The split floor plan includes three bedrooms, each with its own ensuite bathroom, plus a bonus room with closet that can function as an office, media room, guest space, or potential fourth bedroom. The primary suite offers dual vanities, a large walk-in shower, generous closet space, and direct access to the covered patio. Since initial construction, the property has been further improved with full perimeter fencing and front gate, additional landscaping featuring 34 Blue Ice Arizona Cypress, Sycamore, Needle Inverness Trees', installed meticulously for privacy, wind break, and sound barrier. Irrigation systems installed on timers. Electrical has also been stubbed for a future spa or pergola area, and the property is set up with power ready for a future shop or RV garage. The combination of acreage, utility capacity, and completed site improvements offers flexibility for future projects while maintaining wide open space and mountain views.

6925 E Manzella Court, Prescott Valley
40 A-3 N Addax Drive, Prescott Valley
$195,000
1081918 MLS
4 acres behind the gates of Copperfield, ready for your new custom home! Parcel has panoramic views and located on a paved cul-de-sac.

40 A-3 N Addax Drive, Prescott Valley
40 A-4 N Addax Drive, Prescott Valley
$195,000
1081917 MLS
Located behind the gates of Copperfield, this 4-acre parcel offers space and views. This parcel is on a paved cul-de-sac. Position your custom home to take in your choice of views --- Bradshaw Mountains, The Dells and Granite Mountain or Mingus Mountains.

40 A-4 N Addax Drive, Prescott Valley
6119 E Augie Lane, Prescott Valley
$859,900
3 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 1081862 MLS
This BRAND NEW home sits on 4 acres behind the gates of Copperfield and offers thoughtful upgrades throughout, starting with the oversized front covered patio. The impressive primary suite has access to the large laundry room from its ample walk-in closet. The 2nd ensuite also features a beautifully appointed full bathroom, while both Bedroom 3 and the office or 4th bedroom both enjoy convenient access to the guest full bath.The open kitchen is nicely outfitted with a large island, custom cabinetry, and the Frigidaire Gallery stainless appliance package, including an induction oven with pizza oven feature and a full set of induction cookware (gas is plumbed behind range) Just off the kitchen, you'll find a thoughtfully designed pantry with custom shelving, electrical outlets, and space for small appliances or a coffee bar. This energy-conscious home offers modern efficiency, low-maintenance living, and the benefits of advanced electric appliances throughout.Access the back covered patio through the glass doors, where you'll enjoy sweeping views of the Bradshaw Mountains. The patio is wired for your future hot tub. The oversized 3-car garage includes a 4th tandem car bay or workshop area, offering flexibility for vehicles, storage, hobbies, or projects. (also pre-wired for a car charger) The property is served by a nice-producing private well, and the garage includes the well pump, an installed filtration system, and plumbing already in place for a future water softener if desired.This home is move-in ready!

6119 E Augie Lane, Prescott Valley
6724 E Camden Lane, Prescott Valley
$980,000
4 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 1081755 MLS
Situated on 4 scenic acres, this better-than-new custom home combines modern comfort, thoughtful design, and breathtaking Arizona views in Copperfield, one of the area's premier gated communitiesBuilt in 2024, this property already includes the upgrades buyers want but rarely get with new construction -- fully fenced acreage, completed landscaping, plantation shutters, all new appliances, oversized workshop/shed, and an oversized 3-car garage.Designed with a spacious split floor plan, the home offers 4 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, and an open-concept layout ideal for both everyday living and entertaining. The beautifully appointed kitchen features granite countertops, an oversized island, extensive cabinetry, and opens directly to the expansive living room with soaring ceilings and a striking corner wood-burning fireplace. A versatile flex space nearby is perfect for a reading nook, office, or additional sitting area.The primary suite offers a peaceful retreat with private patio access and a spa-like bath complete with dual vanities and an oversized tiled walk-in shower. Secondary bedrooms are generously sized with large closets, including two connected by a Jack-and-Jill bathroom.Outdoor living shines with the extra-large covered patio, custom firepit area, and magnificent panoramic views from every side of the property. Enjoy quiet mornings, star-filled nights, and some of the best sunsets Arizona has to offer.

6724 E Camden Lane, Prescott Valley
7886 N Copenhagen Lane, Prescott Valley
$1,123,200
4 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 1081556 MLS
**Currently under construction- Scheduled for completion in July 2026. ** Set on an elevated homesite within the highly desirable Copperfield community, this new construction home offers an opportunity to secure a thoughtfully designed residence in one of the area's newest and most refined sections. Spanning 2,636 square feet, this 4-bedroom, 3-bath home features a well-planned layout that balances open-concept living with functional separation. The kitchen is designed as a central gathering space, complemented by a walk-in pantry and seamless flow into the main living and dining areas...ideal for both everyday living and entertaining. Built by a premier builder known for attention to detail and quality craftsmanship, the home is expected to deliver a clean, modern finish with carefully considered design elements throughout. The property includes a 2-car garage in addition to an oversized RV garage, providing exceptional flexibility for vehicles, recreational storage, or workspace needs. In a community where RVs, boats, and similar equipment are required to be fully enclosed, the inclusion of a dedicated RV garage is a significant advantage...offering both convenience and compliance without compromise. Positioned on a newly developed cul-de-sac road, the setting offers a heightened sense of privacy with limited through traffic, creating a quieter and more exclusive environment. The elevated lot enhances both presence and potential, adding to the overall appeal and long-term value. With completion anticipated in July 2026, this is an opportunity to secure a new home ahead of delivery in a community known for quality homes, larger parcels, and a more elevated standard of living.

7886 N Copenhagen Lane, Prescott Valley
N Mcworter Place, Prescott Valley
$275,000
1081509 MLS
Beautiful corner lot in Copperfield gated community! This lot has beautiful slightly rolling topography to take advantage of the surrounding mountain views. It also comes with an excellent producing well. Several ideal building sites- all paved roads- don't let this one get away!

N Mcworter Place, Prescott Valley
40 A-2 N Addax Drive, Prescott Valley
$225,000
1081497 MLS
Behind the gates of Copperfield, this 4-acre parcel sits on a paved cul-de-sac and offer a huge view corridor. This parcel already has a good producing well and is ready for your custom home! this lot has gorgeous views of the Mingus Mountains. Seller financing available.

40 A-2 N Addax Drive, Prescott Valley
0000 E Trotter Trail, Prescott Valley
$229,000
1081364 MLS
HORSES ALLOWED on htis 4.25 acre parcel in Copperield Ranch. Beautiful subdivision of custom homes, paved main roads, gated community, with 4 acre minimum homesites. All nestled amoung the views of Mingus, Granite Mountain and the Brandshaws. Come bring your horses and build you dream home in the country. Road to be completed prior to close of escrow by seller.

0000 E Trotter Trail, Prescott Valley
6678 Angelina Trail, Prescott Valley
$1,150,000
3 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 1081267 MLS
Positioned on 4 acres within the premier Copperfield community, this 2023-built residence offers a rare combination of modern design, space, and functionality. Tailored for those seeking both luxury and lifestyle!Spanning 2,414 square feet, this 3-bedroom PLUS office, 2-bath home features a thoughtfully designed split floor plan with clean, contemporary finishes throughout. The open-concept living space is anchored by a well-appointed kitchen with quartz countertops, abundant cabinetry, and both gas and electric options...designed to accommodate everyday living as well as effortless entertaining.Durable tile flooring runs throughout the main living spaces, with carpeted bedrooms providing a comfortable retreat. The master suite is thoughtfully designed with custom built-ins in the closet, offering both organization and a clean, elevated finish.Car enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those needing additional storage will appreciate the attached 3-car garage with built in cabinetry as well as a detached oversized RV garage, complete with a lift and additional built-in cabinetry. The fully fenced and professionally landscaped grounds provide both privacy and usability, with a low-maintenance backyard featuring turf for year-round enjoyment. Set within a community known for its quality homes and upscale surroundings, this property offers the space to expand, entertain, or simply enjoy the quiet luxury of acreage living while remaining conveniently close to town.Built in 2023 and maintained in immaculate condition, this home presents a turnkey opportunity for buyers seeking newer construction without the wait, in one of the area's most desirable settings.

6678 Angelina Trail, Prescott Valley
6988 E Trotter Trail, Prescott Valley
$959,000
4 Beds ⋅ 4 Baths ⋅ 1081170 MLS
Luxury HORSE PROPERTY in the Copperfield Gated CommunityExperience the perfect blend of luxury and country living with this exceptional horse property located in the highly sought-after Copperfield community--one of the few lots in the subdivision that allows horses.Situated on an expansive 4-acre parcel, this stunning 2,600 sq ft home offers 4 spacious bedrooms and 3.5 bathrooms, thoughtfully designed to provide both comfort and functionality. The open-concept layout features generous living spaces, ideal for entertaining or relaxing, while large windows frame panoramic views of Mingus, Bradshaw, and Granite Mountains.The heart of the home is a beautifully appointed kitchen, complete with a massive island perfect for gatherings, complemented by stylish farmhouse accents and durable laminate wood plank flooring throughout. Two bedrooms feature cozy carpeting, with one of the bedrooms set up as a private guest suite with its own ensuite bath offers an ideal setup for multigenerational living or visiting guests.Step outside to enjoy the expansive paver patio, highlighted by a rough tongue-and-groove ceiling--perfect for outdoor entertaining or peaceful evenings under the Arizona sky. Light landscaping has already been completed, reducing maintenance and making this property move-in ready. A privacy fence has been installed along the east side of the property for added seclusion.Copperfield is a prestigious gated community known for its strong well production, main paved roads, and spacious 4-acre minimum lots. Bring your horses and embrace the serenity of country living without sacrificing modern luxury. Additional surrounding land may also be available, offering the opportunity to expand your estate even further.Four acre parcel directly north is also available for sale under a separate listing. Road will be put in before close of escrow.

6988 E Trotter Trail, Prescott Valley
40 A-1 Addax Drive, Prescott Valley
$225,000
1081101 MLS
Behind the gates of Prescott Valleys newest community, this 4-acre lot offers panoramic views! Located on the right hand side of the cul-de-sac you can position your back patio to take in the views of The Dells and Granite Mtn or the Bradshaws. This lot already HAS A GOOD PRODUCING WELL IN PLACE.

40 A-1 Addax Drive, Prescott Valley
42 D-2 N Barrel Mesa Road, Prescott Valley
$225,000
1080692 MLS
Behind the gates in the Copperfield community you will find this 4-acre parcel with paved roads, and electricity at the lot. Expansive views from every direction! Come build your custom home here and enjoy the views of the Mingus Mountains!

42 D-2 N Barrel Mesa Road, Prescott Valley
7897 N Mc Worter Place, Prescott Valley
$830,000
4 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 1080684 MLS
Gorgeous, Newly Constructed 2026. Home located in the highly desirable gated community of Copperfield. Mountain and breathtaking Arizona sunset views will not disappoint. Dark sky compliant makes for amazing star gazing. With 4 acres, there's plenty of space to build an RV garage, shop, casita, etc. From the split floor plan to the custom cabinetry to the granite counter tops, this beautiful home has it all. Neighborhood main roads are paved, gravel from main roads to property. One of the listing agents is a board member of CLC Development LLC and related to the builder. One of the listing agents is related to the seller.

7897 N Mc Worter Place, Prescott Valley
42 E-3 Smoked Oak Circle, Prescott Valley
$225,000
1080592 MLS
Behind the gates of Prescott Valleys newest gated community, you will find this 4-acre parcel on a cul-de-sac offering views from all angles. Copperfeild is known for its expansive lots and luxury custom homes - this site is ready for your new home!

42 E-3 Smoked Oak Circle, Prescott Valley
Lot 61 A3 Copperfield Parkway, Prescott Valley
$158,000
1080545 MLS
Level Lot on the already Paved road with Power at the parcel.....Behind the Gates in Copperfield and just a few minutes into town, this Premium Lot is situated right off the Paved Road. Panoramic Views of Granite Mountain, Bradshaw Mountain, and Mountain Range from this 4 Acre Property. Power at the paved road. Ready for your Custom Home.

Lot 61 A3 Copperfield Parkway, Prescott Valley
Xx Miles City Way, Prescott Valley
$275,000
1080407 MLS
Set behind the gates of the desirable Copperfield community, this 8-acre parcel offers privacy, convenience, and breathtaking natural beauty. Paved access leads directly to the property with electric available at the lot line, making it ready for your custom home. Enjoy sweeping panoramic views of Granite Mountain, the Bradshaw Mountains, and Prescott Valley's high-desert landscape. The expansive acreage provides plenty of room for a private estate, guest house, or hobby retreat while maintaining open space and serenity. Located just minutes from town, you'll enjoy easy access to shopping, dining, medical services, and outdoor recreation while returning home to the peace and security of a gated community. Lot can be split into two 4-acre parcels.

Xx Miles City Way, Prescott Valley
Parcel 19d E Antler Road, Prescott Valley
$146,000
1080303 MLS
4 Acre Lot with Paved Access all the way to the Parcel.....Development Opportunity for Below Market Building Site....Behind the Gates in Copperfield and just a few minutes into town, this Premium Elevated Lot is situated right off the Paved Road. Panoramic Views of Granite Mountain, Bradshaw Mountain, and Mountain Ranges.

Parcel 19d E Antler Road, Prescott Valley
Parcel 19c E Antler Road, Prescott Valley
$139,000
1080302 MLS
4 Acre Lot with Paved Access all the way to the Parcel.....Development Opportunity for Below Market Building Site....Behind the Gates in Copperfield and just a few minutes into town, this Premium Elevated Lot is situated right off the Paved Road. Panoramic Views of Granite Mountain, Bradshaw Mountain, and Mountain Ranges.

Parcel 19c E Antler Road, Prescott Valley
Parcel 33e E Norma Drive, Prescott Valley
$260,000
1080301 MLS
INCREDIBLE PANORAMIC VIEWS on this Elevated 12 Acre Parcel on the West Side of Copperfield.

Parcel 33e E Norma Drive, Prescott Valley
Parcel 38c N River Run Road, Prescott Valley
$196,000
1080300 MLS
Paved Access all the way to the Parcel.....Behind the Gates in Copperfield and just a few minutes into town, this Premium Elevated Lot is situated right off the Paved Road. Panoramic Views of Granite Mountain, Bradshaw Mountain, and Mountain Range from this 4 Acre Property.

Parcel 38c N River Run Road, Prescott Valley
Lot 51 A1 Lonesome View Road, Prescott Valley
$185,000
1080299 MLS
Parcel 55 A1 has an excellent producing private well already drilled....This Lot has excellent views of Glassford Hill, Bradshaws, Mingus and Granite Mountains. Behind the Gates in Copperfield and just a few minutes into town, this Premium Lot is situated right off the Paved Road. Panoramic Views of Granite Mountain, Bradshaw Mountain, and Mountain Range from this 4 Acre Property. Power at the street, well already drilled. Ready for your Custom Home.

Lot 51 A1 Lonesome View Road, Prescott Valley
Parcel 33d N Mcworter Place, Prescott Valley
$170,000
1080298 MLS
PANORAMIC VIEWS on this Elevated 6 Acre Parcel on the West Side of Copperfield.

Parcel 33d N Mcworter Place, Prescott Valley
42 E-2 Smoked Oak Circle, Prescott Valley
$247,000
1080080 MLS
Enjoy wide-open Arizona living on this beautiful 4.25-acre parcel located in the gated Copperfield community of Prescott Valley. The gently rolling terrain offers sweeping views and a peaceful setting where local wildlife--including antelope--are frequently seen. This property provides an ideal homesite for a custom residence or private retreat, combining natural beauty with the convenience of paved roads and underground utilities. Electrical service is available at the lot, and the area is known for good well water production. Situated within an upscale community of spacious homesites and scenic surroundings, this parcel offers the opportunity to build while enjoying the quiet charm of Northern Arizona living.

42 E-2 Smoked Oak Circle, Prescott Valley

Copyright 2026 Arizona Regional Multiple Listing Service, All rights reserved. The data relating to real estate for sale on this website comes in part from the Arizona Regional Multiple Listing Service. All information deemed reliable but not guaranteed and should be independently verified. All properties are subject to prior sale, change or withdrawal. Neither listing broker(s) nor Arizona Regional Multiple Listing Service shall be responsible for any typographical errors, misinformation, misprints and shall be held totally harmless.